Understanding Lung Cancer: Types, Causes, and Treatment Options

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that affects the lungs, which are two organs located in the chest cavity. It occurs when abnormal cells grow and multiply uncontrollably, forming tumors or masses within the lung tissue.

According to the American Cancer Society, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancer-related fatalities.

Types of Lung Cancer

There are several types of lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and lung carcinoid tumors. NSCLC is the most common type, accounting for approximately 80-85% of all cases.

SCLC, on the other hand, is a more aggressive form that grows quickly and spreads rapidly to other parts of the body. Lung carcinoid tumors are relatively rare and typically affect younger individuals.

Causes and Risk Factors

Lung cancer is often caused by exposure to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, radon gas, and asbestos. Prolonged smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 80-90% of all cases.

Other risk factors include a family history of lung cancer, previous radiation therapy, and certain genetic conditions.